SECTORS · 03 OF 07 · QUANTUM, PHOTONICS AND SEMICONDUCTORS

All sectors

Physics. Made legible to whoever funds it.

APP/ART builds the positioning, identity and website for quantum, photonics and semiconductor companies: qubits, lasers, sensors, chips and packaging. This page lists four things a public programme checks before it funds a machine, and what your site has to show for each.

THE CHECKS
Four
DRAWN FROM
DARPA and the UK testbeds
OUR AUDIT
5 sites
NAMED NO ONE
1 of 5
Mixing chamber
297 K
Vs deep space
warmer
Cooling power
>1000 µW
Coax lines
up to 1008

Bluefors XLD1000sl. Figures from Bluefors, Krinner et al. (2019) and Raicu et al. (2025); only the 500 mm mixing chamber flange is to scale. A cooldown of about a day is shown as a time-lapse, and the microwave pulses are slowed down.

What we mean.

WHAT THE SECTOR COVERS

Physics made legible to investors, partners and the engineers who will integrate it.

  • QUBITS
  • LASERS
  • SENSORS
  • CHIPS
  • PACKAGING

Four checks before a programme funds you.

THE CHECKS ARE THEIRS · THE ORDER IS OURS
  1. CHECK 01 OF 04

    A plausible path.

    DARPA's Quantum Benchmarking Initiative judges an abstract on two things, in this order: whether the path to a utility-scale machine is technically plausible, and whether the team can deliver it on the timeline.

    SOURCE: DARPA · QUANTUM BENCHMARKING INITIATIVE, PROGRAMME ANNOUNCEMENT

    ON YOUR SITE

    State the path in one paragraph a physicist outside your field can follow, and name who is building it.

  2. CHECK 02 OF 04

    Numbers with their conditions.

    A consortium paper on benchmarking argues that no single number predicts how a machine performs across applications, and that component figures such as gate fidelity are hard for a non-specialist to turn into a prediction.

    SOURCE: QED-C, APPLICATION-ORIENTED PERFORMANCE BENCHMARKS, 2021

    ON YOUR SITE

    Give each figure with how it was measured, and the paper it comes from.

  3. CHECK 03 OF 04

    Independent verification.

    In the DARPA programme the last stage is the government working with the company to verify and validate that the machine can be built and run as designed. The UK testbed competition required access for the national centre to benchmark the result.

    SOURCE: DARPA · QBI. INNOVATE UK · NQCC TESTBEDS, 2023

    ON YOUR SITE

    Say who outside the company has measured the device, and link the result.

  4. CHECK 04 OF 04

    The papers behind the plan.

    DARPA asks for a roadmap, the main technical risks with their mitigation, and disclosures on IP. The UK competition asked for an IP register, a project plan, a risk register and a cost sheet.

    SOURCE: THE SAME TWO DOCUMENTS

    ON YOUR SITE

    A public roadmap, with the dates you have already met beside the ones you have not.

What a verified path is worth.

THE SECTOR IN NUMBERS
$300MTHE CEILING FOR THE LAST STAGE OF DARPA'S INITIATIVE. THE FIRST TWO: $1M AND $15M
2033THE YEAR BY WHICH IT ASKS WHETHER A USEFUL MACHINE CAN BE BUILT
£7MTHE MOST ONE PROJECT COULD GET IN THE UK TESTBEDS COMPETITION OF 2023. THE LEAST: £2M

SOURCE: DARPA AND INNOVATE UK · BOTH ARE THE FUNDERS

Two public funders. Nothing we read shows that private buyers check the same things. The sources are about quantum computing, not photonics or chips.

OUR OWN AUDIT · 45 SITES, SEPTEMBER 2026

What we found on five sites.

Five is too few to say more.

Read the study
1 of 5SITES THAT NAME NO HUMAN BEING ANYWHERE

The same four stages, read for quantum.

ONE PACKAGE, FOUR STAGES
01 · FOUNDATION

Brand Foundation

One claim about the path, in words your own physicists would sign.

Read the stage
02 · STRUCTURE

Visual Identity

Figures and diagrams drawn to one standard, so a result looks like a result.

Read the stage
03 · FINISHED

Web Design

A page per result, with the measurement conditions and the paper.

Read the stage
04 · UNDERNEATH

SEO and AI visibility

Every figure as text with its unit, so a model quotes it correctly.

Read the stage
FAQS

What quantum founders ask.

NOT ANSWERED HERE?

tony@appart.gi

Not in the documents we read. The DARPA announcement sets no numeric targets for qubit counts, fidelities or error rates. The UK call asked for a system that is stable and well characterised.

One investor and adviser has published his list: whether each metric is defined under stated conditions, whether results repeat in outside labs, whether the device can be made with standard fabrication, and whether revenue is grants or sales. It is one person's list.

In a 2022 survey of more than 800 engineers, with electronics and semiconductors among them, 77 percent named datasheets most useful when researching a major purchase, 45 percent CAD drawings and 42 percent demonstration videos.

The four checks come from quantum computing programmes. For lasers and chips the page has the engineer survey above and nothing sector specific yet.
SITE TEARDOWN

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